These are All table types in Axapta 2012. You can get all table type on import form. If you want to export data for only master tables then you need to create definition group of master table type then export data.
1. Framework Tables
2. Group Tables
3. Main
4. Miscellaneous
5. Parameter
6. Reference
7. Transaction
8. TransactionHeader
9. TransactionLine
10. Worksheet
11. WorksheetHeader
12. WorksheetLine
Same way you can get transaction type data by creating definition group of transaction type tables.
1. Framework Tables
2. Group Tables
3. Main
4. Miscellaneous
5. Parameter
6. Reference
7. Transaction
8. TransactionHeader
9. TransactionLine
10. Worksheet
11. WorksheetHeader
12. WorksheetLine
Same way you can get transaction type data by creating definition group of transaction type tables.